What can you do with a Math Degree?

If you’re wondering, “What can I do with a math degree?” the answer is a lot! The skills you gain from earning a math degree can open doors to many fields. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment for mathematicians and statisticians will grow 30% from 2022 to 2032, much faster than the average for all occupations. This rapid growth shows just how much demand there is for math skills in the job market. 

To make the most of your math degree, it’s important to prepare for a specific field by obtaining relevant specializations or certifications in a focused area of study. Dedicating yourself to ongoing professional development will not only sharpen your skills but also keep you excited and passionate about your career.

Table of Contents

• What is a Math Degree?
• Typical Coursework and Specializations for a Math Degree
• Fields for Math Graduates
• Common Career Opportunities for Math Graduates
• The Importance of Professional Development
• Exploring the Prospects of a Math Degree

What is a Math Degree?

A math degree involves more than just solving equations and crunching numbers; it’s about cultivating insightful analysis and decision-making abilities that are highly sought after in various industries. Whether you pursue a bachelor’s, master’s, or doctorate, a math degree provides a strong foundation for a variety of career paths and numerous opportunities for specialization, all of which have practical applications in the real world.

Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics

A Bachelor’s in Mathematics provides a broad understanding of mathematical concepts and techniques. Typically, coursework includes number theory, calculus, algebra, geometry, statistics, and mathematical modeling. You can also choose to specialize in areas like applied mathematics, where you apply mathematical methods to real-world problems, or theoretical mathematics, which focuses on abstract concepts and structures.

Master’s Degree in Mathematics

A Master’s in Mathematics delves deeper into advanced theories and applications. This degree is perfect for those seeking to specialize or pursue research opportunities. Many programs also offer specializations such as statistics or applied mathematics, allowing you to tailor your studies to your career goals.

Doctorate in Mathematics

A Doctorate in Mathematics is the highest level of education in this field, emphasizing original research and advanced problem-solving. Doctoral students typically focus on a specific area of mathematics, conducting in-depth research and contributing new knowledge to the field. This degree is often required for university-level teaching positions and high-level research roles in various industries.

Typical Coursework and Specializations for a Math Degree

A math degree provides a comprehensive education in mathematics, combining core courses with opportunities to specialize in areas that match your interests and career goals. Here’s a look at what you can expect to learn:

Core Coursework

Math programs typically include a mix of essential courses that establish the groundwork for advanced study. Some common core courses include:

• Calculus: Understand the principles of change and motion, and learn how to apply these concepts to real-world situations.
• Linear Algebra: Dive into solving linear equations and their systems, understanding abstract structures such as vector spaces, which are crucial for advanced mathematics and applications.
• Abstract Algebra: Study of main algebraic structures, including rings, groups, vector spaces, and fields.
• Differential Equations: Study equations that describe how things change over time, which are essential in fields like engineering and physics.
• Probability and Statistics: Learn to collect, analyze, and interpret data, helping you make informed decisions based on statistical methods.
• Mathematical Proofs: Develop the ability to construct logical arguments and solve problems through rigorous proof techniques.
• Geometry: Explore the properties and relations of main geometric notions, dive into different branches of modern geometry including non- Euclidian, Projective, and Differential Geometries. 
• Number Theory:  Study of integers and, more broadly to, objects built out of them, such as rational numbers. It encompasses a wide range of topics and has applications in cryptography, computer science, and other fields.

Specializations

Specializing in a specific area allows you to dive deeper into subjects that align with your career goals. Some popular specializations include:

• Applied Mathematics: Use mathematical methods to solve practical problems in science, engineering, and industry. This field focuses on the application of mathematical techniques to real-world challenges.
• Statistics: Focus on collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to make informed decisions. Statisticians are necessary in various industries, including healthcare, finance, and government.
• Theoretical Mathematics: Explore abstract concepts and develop new mathematical theories. This specialization is ideal for those interested in the deeper, more conceptual aspects of mathematics.
• Financial Mathematics: Apply mathematical techniques to solve problems in finance, such as pricing financial derivatives, risk management, and investment analysis.
• Computational Mathematics: Use algorithms, numerical methods, and computer simulations to solve complex mathematical problems.

Skills Developed

In addition to specific math topics, a math degree helps you develop a range of valuable skills:

• Logic and Reasoning: Learn to think logically, identify patterns, and construct sound arguments.
• Problem-Solving: Tackle complex problems with confidence and creativity.
• Analytical Thinking: Break down complex issues into manageable parts and analyze them systematically.
• Data Analysis: Collect, interpret, and present data effectively, a skill essential in many fields.
• Quantitative Skills: Master the ability to work with numbers and quantitative data, which is a foundational element of work in finance, economics, and research.

A math degree equips you with a versatile skill set that goes beyond traditional mathematics, preparing you for different avenues of career opportunities. Whether you’re interested in data science, finance, education, or research, the skills you gain from a math degree will help you excel in your chosen field and open up numerous paths for professional growth.

Fields for Math Graduates

A math degree opens doors to various fields, each offering unique opportunities to apply your mathematical skills. Here’s a look at some key fields for math graduates:

Data Analysis

Data analysis involves interpreting complex data sets to help organizations make informed decisions. In this field, math graduates use statistical techniques and algorithms to uncover patterns and insights from data. Potential employers include tech companies, healthcare organizations, financial institutions, and government agencies. Math skills are crucial for developing predictive models, performing statistical analyses, and creating data visualizations that communicate findings effectively.

Engineering

Engineering is a diverse field where math graduates apply their analytical skills to design, develop, and improve structures, systems, and processes. Whether in civil, mechanical, electrical, or chemical engineering, math is fundamental to solving technical problems and optimizing solutions. Engineers work for construction firms, manufacturing companies, tech firms, and government agencies, where they use mathematical models and simulations to innovate and improve efficiency.

Actuarial Sciences

Actuarial sciences focus on assessing financial risks using mathematics, statistics, and financial theory. Actuaries work primarily in the insurance industry, but they are also employed by pension funds, consulting firms, and government agencies. This field demands excellent probability and statistics skills to assess future events and create policies that reduce financial risk.

Biotechnology

In biotechnology, math graduates contribute to the development of medical and biological advancements. They use mathematical models and statistical analyses to understand biological processes and improve drug development and medical technologies. Biotech companies, pharmaceutical firms, and research institutions value the precision and analytical capabilities that math graduates bring to this innovative field.

Information Security

Information security involves protecting data and systems from cyber threats. Math graduates in this field use cryptography, algorithms, and statistical methods to develop security protocols and analyze vulnerabilities. Employers include cybersecurity firms, tech companies, financial institutions, and government agencies. The field requires strong problem-solving skills and the ability to apply mathematical concepts to safeguard sensitive information.

Statistics

Statistics focuses on data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Statisticians work in various industries, including healthcare, government, finance, and market research. They design surveys, experiments, and opinion polls to gather data, and then use statistical methods to draw meaningful conclusions. Math graduates in this field apply their skills to solve real-world problems and inform decision-making processes.

Finance

Finance is a broad field where math graduates analyze financial markets, manage investment portfolios, and assess economic trends. They use mathematical models to evaluate risk, optimize returns, and make strategic financial decisions. Potential employers include banks, investment firms, insurance companies, and corporate finance departments. Math skills are essential for financial analysis, modeling, and forecasting.

Economics

Economics involves studying how resources are distributed and utilized. Math graduates use their analytical skills to model economic behaviors, analyze economic policies, and forecast economic trends. Economists work for government agencies, research institutions, international organizations, and private corporations. Their mathematical expertise helps in understanding market dynamics and making informed policy recommendations.

Banking

In banking, math graduates apply their skills to manage financial transactions, develop financial products, and assess credit risk. They work in commercial banks, investment banks, and financial services firms. Mathematical skills are crucial for analyzing financial data, creating models for loan assessments, and developing investment strategies. The field offers opportunities to work in areas such as risk management, asset management, and financial planning.

Insurance

The insurance industry relies heavily on mathematical and statistical analysis to assess risk and determine premiums. Math graduates work as actuaries, underwriters, and risk analysts. They apply probability and statistical techniques to assess the chances of events like accidents, natural disasters, and illnesses. Insurance companies, consulting firms, and government agencies employ math graduates to design insurance policies, analyze claims, and develop strategies to minimize risk.

Each of these fields leverages the analytical and problem-solving skills developed through a math degree, offering graduates diverse and rewarding career paths.

Common Career Opportunities for Math Graduates

A math degree can open the door to a wide array of exciting and lucrative career possibilities. Whether you’re interested in finance, technology, research, or engineering, the analytical and problem-solving skills you gain from a math degree are highly valued across many industries. In the following sections, we’ll explore various career paths that math graduates can pursue, detailing the roles, responsibilities, necessary qualifications, and potential earnings. All salary data provided is sourced from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) as of 2023.

Let’s dive into some of the most promising career opportunities for math graduates and see where your degree can take you.

Data Scientist

Data scientists apply analytical processes to transform raw data into actionable insights. They work in various industries, helping organizations make data-driven decisions. With a bachelor’s degree, data scientists earn a median salary of around $108,020 in 2023. This career is ideal for math graduates who are skilled in statistics and enjoy working with large data sets to uncover significant trends and patterns.

Computer Programmer

Computer programmers develop, adjust, and debug code to keep software and applications running smoothly. They are the backbone of the software industry, ensuring that applications and programs run smoothly and efficiently. With a bachelor’s degree, computer programmers can expect to earn a median salary of about $99,700 in 2023. This career is ideal for math graduates who have a solution-oriented mindset and a passion for technology.

Computer Systems Analyst

Computer systems analysts study an organization’s current computer systems and design ways to improve efficiency. They bridge the gap between business needs and technology solutions, making sure that computer systems enhance productivity and performance. With a bachelor’s degree, computer systems analysts earn a median salary of approximately $103,800 in 2023. This role is perfect for those who are detail-oriented and enjoy analyzing and improving technological systems.

Civil Engineer

Civil engineers create, construct, and manage infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, and buildings. They apply mathematical principles to ensure structures are safe, efficient, and sustainable. With a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering, civil engineers earn a median salary of around $88,570 in 2023. This career is perfect for math graduates interested in applying their analytical skills to real-world construction and infrastructure projects.

Actuary

Actuaries analyze the economic costs of risk and uncertainty using math, statistics, and financial theory. They play a crucial role in the insurance industry, helping companies develop policies that minimize risk and maximize profitability. With a bachelor’s degree, actuaries earn a median salary of around $120,000 in 2023. This career is perfect for those who enjoy using math to solve complex financial problems and thrive in analytical roles.

Financial Analyst

Financial analysts advise businesses and people on how to spend money effectively to earn profits. They review financial data and advise on the best investment options and strategies. With a bachelor’s degree, financial analysts earn a median salary of approximately $99,890 in 2023. This career is perfect for math graduates who are interested in finance and have strong analytical skills.

Operations Research Analyst

Operations research analysts leverage math and logic to find solutions to complex challenges. They work in various industries to improve processes, increase efficiency, and reduce costs. With a bachelor’s degree, operations research analysts earn a median salary of around $83,640 in 2023. This role is perfect for those who enjoy using mathematical methods to tackle real-world problems.

Market Research Analyst

Market research analysts analyze consumer behavior, business environments, and other elements to predict sales potential. They assist companies in understanding market trends and making informed choices. With a bachelor’s degree, market research analysts earn a median salary of about $74,680 in 2023. This career is ideal for those who enjoy using data to understand consumer behavior and market dynamics.

Economist

Economists conduct research, prepare reports, and evaluate monetary and fiscal policy issues. They also collect and analyze statistical data to forecast economic trends. Typically requiring a master’s degree, economists earn a median salary of about $115,730 in 2023. This career is suited for those interested in understanding economic systems and influencing policy decisions.

Mathematician or Statistician

Mathematicians and statisticians apply advanced mathematical and statistical methods to analyze data and solve problems in fields like science, engineering, business, and healthcare. They develop models, perform simulations, and interpret data to support decision-making processes. Those with a bachelor’s degree in mathematics or statistics earned a median salary of approximately $96,280 in 2023. This career is perfect for math graduates who love working with data and using their mathematical skills to find solutions to complex problems.

Survey Researcher

Survey researchers design and carry out surveys and evaluate data to gather insights on different subjects. They work in fields such as market research, public opinion, and social science research. Typically requiring a master’s degree, survey researchers earn a median salary of about $60,960 in 2023. This career is suited for those who enjoy designing research studies and analyzing data to draw meaningful conclusions.

Physicist or Astronomer

Physicists and astronomers study the interactions of matter and energy, exploring the fundamental laws of the universe. They often work in research institutions, universities, or government agencies. With a doctoral or professional degree, physicists and astronomers earn a median salary of about $149,530 in 2023. This career is ideal for those who are passionate about scientific discovery and have a strong background in mathematics and physics.

Auditor

Auditors inspect financial documents to verify accuracy and adherence to laws and regulations. They assess financial operations and help organizations run efficiently by identifying areas for improvement. With a bachelor’s degree in accounting, auditors earn a median salary of about $78,820 in 2023. This role is ideal for math graduates who are detail-oriented and enjoy analyzing financial data to ensure accuracy and integrity.

Postsecondary Educators

Postsecondary teachers teach various academic disciplines to students at the college level. They work in colleges and universities, conducting research and educating the next generation of professionals. Education requirements vary, but the median salary for postsecondary teachers is around $84,380 in 2023. This career is perfect for those who enjoy teaching and sharing their knowledge with others.

The Importance of Professional Development

For math graduates, gaining practical experience and continually building your skill set is key to standing out in the job market and advancing in your career.

Internships

Internships are a fantastic way to get hands-on experience in your field. Whether you’re interested in finance, engineering, data analysis, or another area, internships allow you to translate classroom theories into real-world applications.. They help you build practical skills, understand industry operations, and make valuable professional connections. Plus, having an internship experience on your resume can enhance your prospects of getting a full-time job post-graduation.

Certifications

Certifications can further enhance your credentials and show your specialized expertise. For instance, earning a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) certification if you’re aiming for a career in finance, or an Associate of the Society of Actuaries (ASA) if you want to be an actuary, can really set you apart. Certifications confirm your abilities and knowledge, making you stand out to employers and often leading to better-paying roles.

Continuing education

Continuing education is about staying current and sharpening your skills in a fast-changing job market. Engaging in further studies, whether through advanced degrees, professional development courses, or online learning, helps you stay up-to-date with the latest mathematical methods, technologies, and industry trends. This continuous learning enhances your abilities and shows employers that you’re committed to growing professionally and staying adaptable.

By taking advantage of internships, earning relevant certifications, and committing to lifelong learning, you can greatly expand your career possibilities and pave the way for significant advancement as a math graduate.

Exploring the Prospects of a Math Degree

A math degree gives you a strong foundation grounded in reasoning, problem-solving, and analytical thinking that opens up many exciting career opportunities. Whether you’re interested in engineering, finance, data analysis, or actuarial sciences, the skills you gain are in high demand. By getting hands-on experience through internships, earning certifications, and continuing to learn, you can boost your career prospects and climb the ladder in your field. 

Your journey with a math degree is full of potential, giving you the tools and knowledge to succeed in various careers. Ready to see where your math degree can take you? Dive into these exciting fields and start building a rewarding career today. Check out National University’s Bachelor of Science in Mathematics program for more information. For further inspiration on an exciting math career, listen to our podcasts: Decoding Math Anxiety: Building Your Confidence and Inspiring Minds: The Role of Mathematics in Critical Thinking.